SMT / DIP
SMT
Parts sit on the board. Heat sets them. Board and assembly on one RFQ.
SMT numbers are partner ceilings. No owned-line list here.
How the line runs
Print paste. SPI checks the paste. Place. Reflow. AOI looks at the outside. Electrical test needs test points on the board. Bad boards come back for rework. Two sides means flip and run again. Glue or wash: write it on the RFQ.
AOI
It sees what is visible. Missing, skewed, tombstone, wrong part, reversed polarity, lifted lead, bridge, too little solder. Joints under a part it cannot see. Those need X-ray or a real electrical test.
ICT
Needles measure the board. Fast. You need test points. Fixtures cost money. Small NPI often skips a full bed. A cold joint that happens to touch can still pass.